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排序方式: 共有171条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
92.
Atsuya Yamashita Yuusuke Fujimoto Mayumi Tamaki Andi Setiawan Tomohisa Tanaka Kaori Okuyama-Dobashi Hirotake Kasai Koichi Watashi Takaji Wakita Masaaki Toyama Masanori Baba Nicole J. de Voogd Shinya Maekawa Nobuyuki Enomoto Junichi Tanaka Kohji Moriishi 《Marine drugs》2015,13(11):6759-6773
The current treatments of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) face a limited choice of vaccine, antibody and antiviral agents. The development of additional antiviral agents is still needed for improvement of CHB therapy. In this study, we established a screening system in order to identify compounds inhibiting the core promoter activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV). We prepared 80 extracts of marine organisms from the coral reefs of Indonesia and screened them by using this system. Eventually, two extracts showed high inhibitory activity (>95%) and low cytotoxicity (66% to 77%). Solvent fractionation, column chromatography and NMR analysis revealed that 3,5-dibromo-2-(2,4-dibromophenoxy)-phenol (compound 1) and 3,4,5-tribromo-2-(2,4-dibromophenoxy)-phenol (compound 2), which are classified as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), were identified as anti-HBV agents in the extracts. Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited HBV core promoter activity as well as HBV production from HepG2.2.15.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The EC50 values of compounds 1 and 2 were 0.23 and 0.80 µM, respectively, while selectivity indexes of compound 1 and 2 were 18.2 and 12.8, respectively. These results suggest that our cell-based HBV core promoter assay system is useful to determine anti-HBV compounds, and that two PBDE compounds are expected to be candidates of lead compounds for the development of anti-HBV drugs. 相似文献
93.
Tetsuya Yamada Shinji Shimada Makita Hajika Kaori Hirata Koji Takahashi Taiko Nagaya Hideo Hamaguchi Tomiya Maekawa Takashi Sayama Takeshi Hayashi Masao Ishimoto Junichi Tanaka 《Breeding Science》2014,64(4):331-338
Green stem disorder (GSD) is one of the most serious syndromes affecting soybean (Glycine max) cultivation in Japan. In GSD, stems remain green even when pods mature. When soybean plants develop GSD, seed surfaces are soiled by tissue fluid and seed quality is deteriorated during machine harvesting. We performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses for GSD insensitivity using recombinant inbred lines (RILs; n = 154) derived from a cross between an insensitive line (‘Touhoku 129’) and a sensitive leading cultivar (‘Tachinagaha’) during a 6-year evaluation. Three effective QTLs were detected. The influences of these QTLs were in the following order: qGSD1 (LG_H) > qGSD2 (LG_F) > qGSD3 (LG_L). At these three QTLs, ‘Touhoku 129’ genotypes exhibited more GSD insensitivity than ‘Tachinagaha’ genotypes. The lower incidence of GSD for ‘Touhoku129’ was attributable primarily to these three QTLs because RILs harboring a ‘Touhoku 129’ genotype at the three QTLs exhibited a GSD incidence similar to that of ‘Touhoku 129.’ Although a limitation of this study is that only one mapping population was evaluated, this QTL information and the flanking markers of these QTLs would be effective tools for resolving GSD in soybean breeding programs. 相似文献
94.
Yoko Yamashita Toru Takeuchi Masataka Okuyama Jun Sasaki Kakumasa Onodera Mikako Sato Chihiro Souma Shigehiko Ebe 《Breeding Science》2014,64(4):404-408
The yellowing strain of Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV-YS) causes yellowing and yield loss in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). The most effective control is achieved through breeding for resistance. An indeterminate climbing cultivar with a white seed coat, ‘Oofuku’, is resistant to SbDV-YS in inoculation tests. We crossed ‘Oofuku’ with an elite cultivar, ‘Taisho-Kintoki’, which is SbDV-YS-susceptible, determinate dwarf with a red-purple seed coat, and performed amplified-fragment-length polymorphism analysis of F3 lines. From nucleotide sequences of the resistant-specific fragments and their flanking regions, we developed five DNA markers, of which DV86, DV386, and DV398 were closely linked to Sdvy-1, a resistance gene. Using the markers, we developed ‘Toiku-B79’ and ‘Toiku-B80’, the near-isogenic lines (NILs) incorporating Sdvy-1 in the background of ‘Taisho-Kintoki’. The NILs had similar growth habit, maturity date and seed shape to those of ‘Taisho-Kintoki’. The quality of boiled beans was also similar, except that the NILs had more seed coat cracking than ‘Taisho-Kintoki’. The NILs showed no SbDV-YS infection in inoculation tests. We suggest that Sdvy-1 is a useful source of SbDV-YS resistance in common bean. 相似文献
95.
Hideki Fujisawa Zean Zhang Wei Sun Mingshu Huang Junichi Kobayashi Hitoshi Yasuda Yuichi Kinoshita Ryo Ando Kazutoshi Tamura 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2012,25(3):215-219
Morphological and immunohistochemical examinations were carried out on the pancreas of a
hyperglycemic 5-year-old male cynomolgus monkey. Body weight gradually decreased from 6
months before termination, accompanying a slight reduction in food consumption and
anorexia for the last 2 days. The blood glucose level was markedly elevated when examined
at termination. Histopathologically, in the exocrine pancreas, diffuse hyperplasia of
centroacinar and intercalated duct cells and diffuse atrophy of acinar cells with sporadic
apoptosis were observed, although most centroacinar and intercalated duct cells were
proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive in both the present case and
age-matched control animals. In the endocrine pancreas, the islets tended to be
hypertrophic, with an increase in insulin-positive cells in comparison with the
age-matched control animals. PCNA-positive cells also tended to increase in the islets,
although positive cells for phospho-histone H3, a marker for mitotic cells, were not
detected in the endocrine and exocrine pancreas. Moreover, neither inflammation nor
amyloidosis was noted in the islets. In conclusion, the present case probably suffered
from early-stage type 2 diabetes mellitus, and it provides fundamental information
concerning pancreatic histopathology under insulin-related derangement in monkeys. 相似文献
96.
Fumiya Taniguchi Kazumi Furukawa Sakura Ota-Metoku Nobuo Yamaguchi Tomomi Ujihara Izumi Kono Hiroyuki Fukuoka Junichi Tanaka 《Breeding Science》2012,62(3):263-273
A few linkage maps of tea have been constructed using pseudo-testcross theory based on dominant marker systems. However, dominant markers are not suitable as landmark markers across a wide range of materials. Therefore, we developed co-dominant SSR markers from genomic DNA and ESTs and constructed a reference map using these co-dominant markers as landmarks. A population of 54 F1 clones derived from reciprocal crosses between ‘Sayamakaori’ and ‘Kana-Ck17’ was used for the linkage analysis. Maps of both parents were constructed from the F1 population that was taken for BC1 population. The order of most of the dominant markers in the parental maps was consistent. We constructed a core map by merging the linkage data for markers that detected polymorphisms in both parents. The core map contains 15 linkage groups, which corresponds to the basic chromosome number of tea. The total length of the core map is 1218 cM. Here, we present the reference map as a central core map sandwiched between the parental maps for each linkage group; the combined maps contain 441 SSRs, 7 CAPS, 2 STS and 674 RAPDs. This newly constructed linkage map can be used as a basic reference linkage map of tea. 相似文献
97.
We exposed Akoya cultured pearls separately to heat (60–120 °C) and artificial light to investigate changes to fluorescence in the visible range and yellowing. We found that for both heat-treated and light-treated pearls, the fluorescence peak shifted from 480 to 430 nm with an increase in fluorescence intensity. This change in intensity was more prominent in heat-treated pearls, with the initial speed of increase rising with treatment temperature; treatment at 100 °C caused the greatest increase in fluorescence intensity. However, aminoguanidine suppressed the heat-induced change in the fluorescence of an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid–soluble nacreous layer matrix. These results suggest that the heated-induced changes in the fluorescence of Akoya cultured pearls were caused largely by a buildup of fluorescent advanced glycation end products through the Maillard reaction. Although heat treatment led to a large increase in fluorescence intensity of the peak at approximately 430 nm in a deoxygenized environment, hardly any change in fluorescence intensity was observed after light treatment in this environment. Moreover, a new shoulder peak appeared at about 460 nm after light treatment. These results suggest that the Maillard reaction was not a major factor in the light-induced changes in the fluorescence of Akoya cultured pearls. 相似文献
98.
Quyet Thi Nguyen Kana Ueda Tomoko Tamura Junichi Kihara Kazuhito Itoh Keisuke Yoshikiyo Yoshimitsu Sakaguchi Makoto Ueno 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(2):142-147
Rice blast is a devastating fungal disease resulting in major losses to rice crops. Owing to continuous acquisition of resistance by the causal fungus, several fungicide chemicals are no longer effective. Therefore, there is a need to identify natural components and develop new agents to control fungal pathogens. We previously demonstrated that the culture filtrate of Biscogniauxia sp. O821 inhibited infection behavior of Magnaporthe oryzae and subsequent blast lesion formation. In the present study, we isolated a new compound, (3aS,4aR,8aS,9aR)-3a-hydroxy-8a-methyl-3,5-dimethylenedecahydronaphto[2,3-b]furan-2(3H)-one (HDFO), from the culture filtrate of Biscogniauxia sp. O821 and determined its molecular weight as 248. The HDFO structure was determined by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy after purification with column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The structure of this antifungal compound was similar to that of alantolactone and isoalantolactone. The growth inhibition zone against M. oryzae in presence of HDFO was observed at Rf 0.5–0.6 on a thin layer chromatography plate. HDFO inhibited conidial germination of M. oryzae in a dose-dependent manner (1–200 ppm). Furthermore, blast lesion formation was significantly suppressed by HDFO at over 5 ppm. These results suggest that HDFO from the culture filtrate of Biscogniauxia sp. O821 can protect rice from rice blast disease caused by M. oryzae. This is the first report that HDFO produced by Biscogniauxia sp. can serve as an antifungal compound against M. oryzae. 相似文献
99.
100.
Maika Shiozawa Daisuke Shiode Junichi Okuyama Fuxiang Hu Tadashi Tokai 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(12):2107-2115
- A turtle releasing device (TRD) can reduce the mortality of bycatch in setnets. Turtles that have entered the submerged bag net of setnets repeatedly push their heads up against the ceiling net (referred to here as a push‐up) in an effort to ascend to breathe. To aid the successful escape of turtles from the setnet, it is essential to understand the turtle's push‐up behaviour, as they need to reach the TRD and open its flap door.
- The objectives of this study were to clarify when turtles start to perform push‐ups, how these push‐ups change, and what factors affect push‐ups under the simulated condition of bycatch. A depth, temperature, and tri‐axial acceleration data logger and a video camera were employed to determine vertical movement, ambient temperature, the level of activity, and flipper beat frequency (FBF) of the turtles. Ten trials of 10–30 minutes for five subadult loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) were conducted using a submerged bag net (30 × 10 × 10 m) of a setnet in Mie Prefecture, Japan.
- Turtles started to perform push‐ups 5.1 ± 3.3 minutes after the start of each trial. FBF increased as more time elapsed in 35% of ascent phases recorded, and the level of activity during the following push‐ups was significantly higher than during other push‐ups. The level of activity in each sequence of push‐ups increased as more time elapsed; however, it started to decrease from 9.8 minutes after the first push‐up at the earliest. Therefore, the TRD should be designed to enable turtles to escape within approximately 10 minutes.
- The number of push‐ups in a single sequence, the activity level, and FBF were affected by water temperature. Therefore, the closing force of the TRD flap door needs to be changed according to the different seasons and regions.